הלכות תרומות ומעשרות | הרב מישאל רובין | הלכה | תשפ''ו [3]

Kind: captions Language: en In the Torah it is written, "The beginning of your garden, you shall sow, and the beginning of the harvest, you shall give to him." This means that according to the Torah, there is an obligation to set aside offerings and tithes on grain. Grain is five from a grain of grain. Wine and olive oil are two. But according to our rabbis, we set aside offerings for all the fruits and vegetables that grow in the land. This is a mitzvah that depends on the land. And like every mitzvah that depends on the land, so the fruits that grow in the land and the vegetables that grow in the land must be set aside and tithes made. There is a huge difference in the days when it doesn't work. Yes, no, but I don't know. I have no idea. But it will continue or when we wait for the Messiah. Now, there is a big difference between when the Temple existed and they would give the gifts to the priests and the Levites and so on, and today, there are many differences that we will see them slowly. Now I am unfortunately going to learn these things. I will learn this thing in our time, although it would have been better to start from the temple, but because we are now in a time where there is no temple, we will see things in this time. forward. Now listen carefully, it's a bit complicated, but you can understand it. I will do it slowly. I ask without questions, without questions, only every time we stop something, then there will be questions, because otherwise we won't get a head start and then people won't understand the thing. Before I start the types of gifts and how it works, I have to say two main things. First of all, there are many rabbis who believe that if someone interprets good deeds and tithes and doesn't understand, then it's not, it's not, it doesn't work. He needs to understand what he's doing. If he doesn't understand what he's doing then it doesn't belong. The second thing is that these gifts should be in the order in which they were given. So I printed out some text here that we might eventually see together. Maybe in the meantime, maybe Happy can take a picture of it, maybe it's here, if it's here, then take a picture of it a few times so that we can see the text later, but before the text, I want to start explaining now that there are four types of gifts. The gifts are as follows: Go ahead, a major contribution. A major contribution is a contribution that Israel sets aside for the priest. This is the beginning of giving. This is number one. There is no lesson from the Torah. This means you can give even something small and it's a big contribution. The offering is given to the priest, but the priest must eat it in purity and it is forbidden to a stranger. We are called a stranger. So it is forbidden to a stranger. Now, if the priest needs to eat it in purity, then during this time the priest cannot eat it in purity. why? Because we are all dead and impure, and therefore it is impossible to eat it in purity. Therefore, they do not give it to the priest. But what do we do with it? After all, it is forbidden to shine. This offering is forbidden to a stranger, forbidden to me, forbidden to anyone here, even forbidden to the priest because he is unclean. So if it is forbidden to shine, then what will I do with this donation? So we burn it or throw it away, throw it away with respect, put it in a bag and we can throw it away. So that's called a major contribution. A great contribution. I'm coming back. There's a marker here. You can use this: I killed you, oh, soon. I don't know how it works. I don't know. I don't know. I do n't know what to do. That's nice. Where's the marker here? Go ahead. You can write about it or not. Someone will see something. Let's do it as much as possible. Oh, there aren't many colors here, are there? It's not that sophisticated, the sitting. So we are like that, one, which is a great contribution. Does anyone see? yes. Ca n't see. Why don't you see? So what can we do? Come on, come and turn it around. A big donation. What is a big donation? I'm going back. Wait a minute. Don't divide it. Don't divide it. I don't want you to spend it on the extra. I want you to put it in there at the end. A big donation. A big donation. This is a donation. Oh, this doesn't work well. A donation to the priest. A donation to the priest. I can eat in purity today. What is today? It's not possible. Therefore, we lose it. We lose it with A. Okay. Therefore, we have to lose it. Nice. What is the lesson of this? Lesson. No. I mean, every lesson is nice. So this is the first two. Oh, maybe here. Let's see. Two. Oh, we made a lot of progress with something small. First act. First tithe. What is the first tithe? This is the tithe that Israel must give to my heart. Contribution to the priest. What am I writing here? Donation to Levi. beautiful. I have to give to the Levites too. And so after I set aside a large donation, pay attention, we must first set aside a large donation. This is in order of the gifts. I made a large donation. Now I'm setting aside a contribution from Levi. Set aside a contribution for Levi. His rate is one tenth. This one has a tenth rate. This is called tithing. Tithe is one tenth. okay? Very beautiful. Israel gives it to Levi. While there are no Levites or while I don't have to give to Levi, I'll explain in a moment, I can eat it because it's permitted in gold. Gold is allowed. Okay, so actually, if I have this apple, I'll make cuts soon, but in the meantime, listen carefully, I have a small piece of this apple, for now, it's a big donation. Am I allowed to eat this? not. I'll have to lose it. And I have 10% of the apple. I don't know how much it is 10% it's a respectable part it's 10% of this apple it's I have to give to the Levites but it's allowed to gold perfectly fine it's later yes always it's later always always brother go on three the iriti out of out of tenth out of Shabbat first of all you have to give to the priest and then I thought later you make a tenth of what's left good today because it's in any way so the tenth is not that far away yes no what do you want to give it to the priest to the Levi what will they do with it they have to eat it go on three you don't have to give my brother a fine but you can't give something that he can't eat otherwise it's not maaser I'll give the beet mud and the beet I'll keep it for myself a it's not three no wait a second no questions I said no questions and you weren't okay go on tithe contribution three is the total tithe what is tithe contribution tithe contribution is an interesting thing tithe contribution is tithe that the Levite gives to the priest how much is 10% 10% of what from what he received how much is 10% of 10% percent percent is it called in the language This is a hundredth in order, a hundredth of 10%, it is a hundredth of a hundredth, meaning that the Levite's percent must be given to the priest and this contribution, a tithe contribution, must be eaten in purity. We need purity today, and therefore everyone loses, everyone with me, so we have, if I am now cutting, we have, look carefully, we have a large contribution that I cannot eat, that's how it is, I don't know, a large contribution that I cannot eat, I have to lose the first act, 10% of what I have, a tithe contribution, a percent, I also have to lose that because today the Levite cannot give it to the priest so that I can eat it in purity, yes, purity for the priests, and therefore I have to lose three, these are three types of gifts, for now, four, four, and then we will explain in practice and read the text together, and it seems to me that the lesson is four, four. We have a division, what is the division? In the first two years, we are talking about the shemita, or the shemita, meaning in the first years, there is what is called the second tithe. Second tithe 10%. What's wrong with Go? Poor tithe, which is also 10%. Okay, let me explain what tithing is. Let's start from here, it's easier. What is Ma'aser I? Tithe is the tithe that is given to the poor. What do I give them? 10% of the crop. when? After I gave some of the larger donation, 10% to Levi, from that 10% I gave a percentage to the priest. If he can eat clean, then good, if we don't lose what's left after that, I need 10% now. I give 10% to the poor in the years 30 and 31. I don't give that 10% to myself, but I eat it in Jerusalem in purity, which is called the second tithe. You take the tithe and go to Jerusalem and eat it. By the way, in the Torah it says that you can separate the deed. What does that mean? You don't have to take the Devout trains now and go to Jerusalem. You can sell it and take the money. This money is holy. Then in Jerusalem you can buy a holy shuma from the holy money that is here. What will they do with the holy money? That's another story. But today we don't have a holy one, so what do we do with the second tithe? We redeem it. We redeem the tithe. What is redeeming? We redeem it for a penny. Okay, now I'm explaining. Try to be with me. I hope it doesn't work either. Try to be with me. I hope it will be understandable. In fact, a person needs to separate the tithe. How do we redeem tithe from the profane? This is called desecration. What is desecration in Hebrew? What is desecration? It is taking out the holy content of a certain thing and turning it into profane. For example, a priest, a priest, competed with his divorced wife, his son. What is profane? Why profane? Because there is no There is holiness in it. He is a false priest . His name is Moshe Cohen, but he is a martyr. why? There is no holiness in it. Where do we have more desecration? Here is a desecration of tithes. How do you desecrate tithes ? Desecration of tithes. Taking a coin and saying the sanctity of the fruit will be a desecration of the mouth. Therefore, the fruits become profane and the coin becomes sacred. Well, how do you do that in practice? How do you actually get this revenue? There are two possible analogies from the Pentateuch. What are you right about? But for a second it seems in this way, I'll leave it to the wording. Are you right? I left out some detail here. I admit it, but I didn't want to bother with the explanation, but we'll see. Don't worry. Do I actually explain what I'm doing? I have two options. One option, I take a coin at home and I say these fruits, their sanctity is profane on this coin. What currency is this? of a shekel. How many pennies do I have in a shekel? Let's say that today a penny is something like 20 cents. Let's say okay, I'm what maybe it's 17 18 but let's say 20 I have five times in a shekel. So here are these rude ones, I had to set aside, set aside, and I will redeem their holiness on the coin. Once tomorrow, once again, twice, three times, four times, five times. This is it. This coin is all holy. I can't say it better. So I'll take 10 shekels. Okay. I'll take 100 shekels. Okay. But what do you do with the money afterwards? Question mark. There is another option. I recommend it to you. It is to become a subscriber to the tithe fund . There are such foundations in the State of Israel, the Torah and Land Institute, the Israeli Agriculture Institute, I don't know all sorts of names, but righteous people have coins in their warehouses, where they do other accounts, I don't want to explain it now. And so you can say, I'm setting aside and dividing these pears for the money I have in the fund. beautiful. How much does it cost? I don't remember. 36 NIS a year and you solve the problem and you don't have a coin. I once had a 5 NIS coin. I slowly wrote down each time how much I was withdrawing, how much I was redeeming. I was there for the eighth time, one day I come home, there is no change. I asked the people there, guys, they do n't know, but what did I see? Two snacks, two packages of snacks in a tin. What did I understand? That the snacks were holy, Two, whoever has fruit at home, fruit and vegetables at home, has lemons, has who knows what, he must set aside. Because these fruits are required by nations to be separated and made, and there no one separated. True, if you buy at a supermarket or at Mega Sports, not Mega Sports, not Mega, something else, Mega in the city, what's the name? It doesn't matter, Mega, another. You buy there. It might be prohibited for you. Check if it's prohibited. How do I check? I'll ask the gross person who forbids it. It doesn't work like that. It's just that there's a resonance that says there. There are those who approve the fruit here with the signature of a supervisor. We're here in a yeshiva, for example. We buy from field visits. Field visits are one of the largest organizations for distributing fruits and vegetables in all kinds of places. We buy from trucks. You've probably seen them once. They come here and unload the goods. Always at the entrance to the yellow gate. That's how you put it in. They don't put it in. If the supervisor doesn't see the page that says peppers are prohibited. With the factory's signature. With the supervisor's signature and his signature. Okay. There were a few times when his signature wasn't there. I returned it. I'm not sure it wasn't okay, but it's always good like that. Return it once or twice. And then they say, these crazy people need to sign and have their signature graded. Questions will be graded soon. Okay. Questions I don't want to go that far right now. This is the story. Now I want to do it in practice. In practice with the text. So I ask everyone to take the text. You have a tithe. I said a tithe. I am 10. Or, sorry. Right. Right. Right. My mistake. Forgiveness. Tithe. I am a tithe. I am 10% of what the fruits are. We said it already said. I wrote it today. Today we have two options. Because these fruits are allowed to be eaten. After all, I am also a foreigner. He is not a priest, not a Levite. I am allowed to eat it. Why am I allowed to eat it? Because he has to prove to me that he is poor just as he has to prove to me that he is a Levite. Are there lions here? So he is Levi. Are you saying you are Levi? Prove that you are Levi. If you insist that you are a Levite, I will give you a tithe for Levi. But I'm not sure you're Levi. Just like there are priests here. Not sure if you are priests. You are strong priests. We love you very, very much. You go up to the podium and you bless us, "Blessed are you, Israel." But who says you are a priest? Who says? Strong priest. Sennacherib confused the nations, it is not clear what is happening so far. First I answered. I answered. You can eat. It is permissible. Zohar will come. Listen now. If I give a percentage or 9% of this grain to the poor. I am not sure that he will come to my house. He will knock on my door. He will say, Listen. You ate now. Now, serve the grain. Bring me some 9% of this. But large factories or where there is a lot of grain or things like that. These are large quantities. Therefore, it may be in a different way. By the way, those who subscribe to the tithe fund do this. It is a patent with the tithe for the Levites. Therefore, it is also worthwhile. If I have time, I will explain to you now. I want to see the text. Be with me. Not without questions. Without questions. I want to see the text. And then there will be questions. There are a million questions here. We will take this apple and do a beautiful thesis on it. It is fleshy. I do not know what it is. Let's take it. So far, it is understandable. Listen well. I am reading the text. Read it with me. I ask you to read it with me. Now, listen. There is something else that is important. This text has many. There are several texts. I like it. This version for reasons that don't matter. This version, I think it's more environmentally friendly, and that's why I brought it. This version. There's no one here who studies here who doesn't understand after this lesson. They won't understand the version. And that's how they'll do it. Because at home, sometimes I was once at Base A. At some base in the army, I see some secular guy counting boxes. Every few boxes, he takes a box and throws it in the trash. I come to him. I tell him what you're doing. What you're doing is telling me that it's for the religious. I don't know what it's for the religious. Throwing it away. It tells me yes. They told me to throw it away. They told him what it was. What they told you. I think I'm saying no. They didn't tell me. You also have to say something. This is not a virtue for longevity. This version is like the parsing of challah. The parsing of challah should be read. It's there. If you don't read it there, either for a large donation or a tithe donation. So what did you do? A second comment that I don't like to say, but in any case, I'll say it. It would have been better for me not to say it. But what will I do? I have to say what is written in the poskim. There are poskim. Although Rabbi Zatsa opposed this, and Rabbi Zedesh wrote it too. In the case of a rite, not to do it. So then I tell you, Rabbi Zatza didn't want me to say it and Rabbi Tsuda said not to say it, but there are rabbis who say it's better to say if you don't understand, it's better to say I'm separating it, as the Sages said. The Sages, on the other hand, knew what they were saying. You don't know what they were saying, but they know that you don't know what they were saying. It doesn't matter. In short, that's how it works. Therefore, whoever was in the army or in all sorts of corners or was with someone and now he doesn't know if he's going to be separated and now he ca n't say it. Just before I eat an apple at your place, he takes the nous. So he can do it. Say I'm separating it, as the Sages said. Whoever is in doubt, separates it, will definitely bless or not. Of course not. Whoever separates it, will definitely bless or to bless, will definitely bless. Therefore, whoever has oranges or clementines or lemons at home will bless. I explained to you last time that one doesn't separate from one year to another, and doesn't separate connected to the slip. Remember? Also from the slip of the connected one. That's it. Now let's see the wording. Let's race against time. Listen carefully to what I'm doing. I take a fruit and cut a piece. Here I cut a piece. I mean, I didn't land. Here I cut a piece. Listen carefully now what I'm doing with this piece? I say like this. I take a piece, this is how you do it okay, this is how you do it. I took a piece, this is the piece. Did you see? Is it connected or not? It just makes a difference. Oh, so I cut a piece. Now I say like this, listen carefully. The more than 100 that 's here here has a little piece that's more than 100. What is more than 100? More than one of 100. I mean here in this piece there's one of 100 here. Clear, right? I mean there's no here if I were to multiply that by 100 we'd have a bigger apple, right? Moment rate more than one of 100. I mean here look now I'm going to do something that actually doesn't have to be done I can cut some little piece okay this is more than 100 I don't have to enlarge I just he calls it there I have to call it there You see it's the more than 100 so I have the more than 100 that's here is a big contribution I called it there it should be the first what's written on the board a big contribution so I called it a big contribution the big contribution this I can eat no not okay so it's more than one of the 100 that's here is a big contribution on the north side north is that name it doesn't matter you can also say east if you want but they wanted it to be in a neat place so you say the more than one of the 100 that's here on the north side this is so you can look at the wording not on my face although it's nice but it's more important the wording the more than one what's here Ari is a big contribution on the north side please I called it there that one of the 100 where is it? Now look it's one more than more than one of the 100, right? This piece is thinning. It's a percent it's a percent okay? It's a percent nothing need a rate but it's let's say percent now I hold this percent this percent that one of the 100 that's here and nine more pieces like it on the side Please, here I have one here I have nine pieces 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 here I have nine pieces I don't have to make this cut but I have nine pieces here and one more piece why look we have a knife here it's not good I wanted to take this. We have a big donation. Big donation. Did I give it a name or not? I did. Now listen carefully. I have here the first act. The first act is a contribution to Levi 10%. But it is allowed. Of this 10%, what percentage am I not allowed to eat? One. Where is the one? Here. So I have a big donation plus a tithe donation. So where are the other nine pieces? Here. Can eat them. Here. 1 2 nine. Can I eat them? Can. It is allowed to shine. What does it say here? What does it say here? It is allowed to continue. So what do I do now? I call it there. So what do I say? That one out of 100 that is here, right, this is the piece above. What is it? Big donation. Here what is it? Tithe contribution. This is my tithe contribution, the percentage. But where is the contribution to Levi? So here it says that one out of 100 that is here and another nine parts of it on the north side of the fruit is the first act but nine parts of it I can eat so I eat this whole apple in a nice order here the more than 100 I am not allowed to eat and the percentage what what is allowed not allowed to eat this tithe contribution tithe contribution tithe contribution is lost because this is what the Levites have to give the priest so this piece what do I have to do in the end burn or throw in a bag throw very nicely up to here I gave I called there a large contribution first tithe contribution tithe I read again the more than one out of 100 that is here the more than one out of 100 that is here is a large contribution on the north side the same one out of 100 that is here and another nine parts like it on the north side of the fruit this is here is the first act the one out of 100 that I did first act it is made tithe contribution oh Here is the tithe contribution. Here is the big contribution. This is what I'm going to put in the bin. There is what we have left. We called it a big contribution. For the first act. And for the tithe contribution. What is left for me? Now I'm reading. And I'm on the south side. Let's say it's a year that I'm tithing. So I'm saying. On the south side. What is it? I can't say. On the north side. Because what's here? What's the first act? I'm allowed to eat. But it's here. So what do I say? So the act. Rani. Where will it be? How many percent? It's 10%? Okay. Here's 10%. There's 10%. 10%. On the other hand. I'm on the Rome side. And if you need a second tithe, it's written in the text. And if you know that it's a tithe, you say only a tithe, if you say a second tithe, a second tithe, a second tithe, if there's a second tithe, there will be a second tithe in the south. The same thing here in the south. It's a desecration. It's a desecration. It's a desecration. Why a desecration? That's what you said. When you add a penny to the holy food, it's always added so that the holy food doesn't come out lost. And therefore it's a fake and desecration. The coin I have at home or I have at home or I have in the bank and so on and so on . So far that's the wording. I repeat this piece where will I put it? In the bin. What will I do with this apple? I can eat. If I want to, I can eat. Now I don't want to, but if I want to, then I can eat the whole apple. Except for this part. This part that's here, I have to put it in the bin. Come on, we have five minutes for questions. No questions. What? What year are we? What year are we? We're in the fourth quarter. We're here. Okay? Yes. No, that's also the majority of the rabbis. It's not, we don't have to, we don't have to. Yes. Gentile, Gentile, Gentile. It's not related to that, it's not related to the traveler, not in general, but it's not related to what we learned. What's not? What's not? What's not? What's not? Do you know if it's certain or not certain? No, no, now I understand, you, you, you, you, you, the concepts are not the same. Listen, the mitzvah to set aside is from the fruits of the Land of Israel that belong to a Jew. If it's, if it's the fruits of a Gentile that he grew And he also did a complete work, meaning he picked them and so on and so forth, he is exempt from donations and tithes . But if a Gentile did it and it was given to a factory that does a complete work there, then you have to set aside the fruits of the nomad, the nomad is not stealing. Stealing is forbidden, but the fruits of the nomad are exempt with donations and they always do. Okay? So it's not like when you go to the market you go to the market that you are a Druze with apples, right? They always have a car with apples, so there they supposedly shouldered them, they did them, they grew them, although it is in the Land of Israel, but it is exempt from tithes because of the Gentiles. I want to check something secondly. Yes, if a Gentile is the owner of the fruits and he also did a complete work, then he is exempt from donations. What I said, what I said, well, I would like to discuss what we talked about. No, not about other things. Yes, you set aside without a blessing. Yes, of course, we already said that. The Rabbi. Yes, if the head is built, the Rabbi said, "The tithe fund." The tithe fund. It's not really enough. No, you say the wording. And in the end you redeem you desecrate their currency in the end so everything is good it's not the currency is reserved for you when you tell the passengers it works on that if you have a coin what do you do with it put it on the train tracks yes there is such an option there is also an option to redeem the coin on sugar and the sugar to lose okay but I don't recommend you do that because there are some things you need to know so I don't know if you have a subscription to the tithe fund do it it's not a lot of money you will house your parents when they pay for the cell phone they will also pay on the massage fund yes I don't hear no I hear yes okay so it's rarer yes this is yes a lot not rabbi it's something else I didn't read because it doesn't always have a redemption massa rabbi redemption roy redemption it's after four years you have to do it yourself to desecrate the vineyard or desecrate it so I didn't talk about it because it's not always realistic from our perspective but when you redeem something for a sacred purpose you always add a fifth meaning you don't redeem at the real price you don't add a little more to it so that it doesn't lose that's what it says here but from your perspective it's not exactly a thing If you have a coin in the massage fund, they do all this calculation and then you can check Hello Israel, yes, how can you make a 100 sewn in a pot, 100 sewn in a pot, the waterfall, yes, because you can make a 100 sewn in a pot, oh, you can make a 100 sewn in a pot, the waterfall, yes, because you can make a 100 sewn in a pot, you can make a 100 sewn in To separate from the rabbis, yes, because it is not five grains and it is not a grain and